Internships & Careers

Friends of the Earth US is a hard-hitting, progressive, environmental organization that pulls no punches and speaks sometimes uncomfortable truth to power. It’s an approach that has worked for five decades to produce important victories that help protect our planet and its people. We’re part of Friends of the Earth International, the world’s largest federation of grassroots environmental groups, working in more than 70 countries on today’s most urgent environmental and social issues.FOE envisions a world where we live within the ability of the planet to sustain life, and in which all people live with dignity, health and equity. We believe that both environmental crises, as well as widespread social injustice, are intertwined symptoms of flawed ideological, economic and political systems that are violating peoples’ rights, perpetuating oppression, failing to meet the needs of people, and destroying the planet.Meanwhile, Friends of the Earth Action provides the extra political muscle to our sister organization, Friends of the Earth US.FOE Action works on a dynamic set of intersectional issues knowing that we cannot build a healthy and just world without addressing the interconnectedness of society’s injustices. We not only fight for laws and lawmakers that will echo that mission but also help the public join in the political battle as well. We believe that unprecedented political action from across the nation will put the United States, and hopefully our planet, on a sustainable path. We believe that increasing racial diversity within environmental organizations is critical to the future success of our movement. Our Fellowship program is designed to increase the long-term effectiveness of FOE and the environmental movement by operating an inspiring and fulfilling fellowship program that builds skills and relevant job experience for people of color and members of underrepresented communities.Our vision of the Arlie Schardt Memorial (ASM) Fellowship program is to create career experience, pathways, and opportunities for Black, Indigenous, People of Color in underrepresented communities who are interested in environmental advocacy. Arlie W. Schardt was a pioneering voice for the environment and witness to some of the most seminal events in American history as a Time magazine correspondent traveling with Martin Luther King while covering the civil rights movement. Throughout his peripatetic 50-year career, Schardt reported on and acted on behalf of social justice. Al Gore states, “Through his remarkably diverse career, Arlie Schardt lived a life of purpose and impact,” said the former Vice President. “He was a champion for civil rights and an early pioneer of the environmental movement. I valued greatly his commitment to public service and will always be grateful for the invaluable roles he played on my Presidential campaign.” Schardt joined Friends of the Earth (FOE), serving as Chairman of the Board from 2009 until June 2019 when he was named chair emeritus in honor of his service. According to Erich Pica, president of FOE, “Arlie was instrumental in tripling the size of the organization and broadening its mandate to combine his concerns for social and racial justice with environmentalism.”For our program, we are prioritizing communities that are underrepresented in the mainstream environmental movement. Women, people of color, and youth are highly encouraged to apply. If you do not identify as part of an underrepresented community, that is not a disqualification, and we encourage you to apply as well.About the FellowshipEach year, we welcome a cohort of four Fellows to work with us full-time (37.5 hours p/wk) for six (6) months. The fellowship begins in March 2026 and ends in September 2026. This year the Fellowship Program will be in a remote position with an in-person component. Fellows are paid $25/hour, will receive a one-time stipend of $1,000 and three (3) floating holidays. The application deadline is 5:00 pm EST, Friday, December 26. If there is a large influx of applicants, the position may close earlier than the specified date. Fellows are placed within teams in our Programs Department. In addition to substantive work with the teams, the Fellowship program also includes networking and career development opportunities.About our Climate Friendly School Food Policy Team and Fellowship Position Friends of the Earth’s Climate-Friendly School Food Team works to advance state and federal policies that expand access to nutritious, climate-friendly plant-based foods in K–12 schools.The Climate-Friendly School Food Policy Fellow will have opportunities to engage directly with policymakers, advocate for equitable and sustainable school meal policies, and collaborate with school nutrition leaders, community organizations, and coalition partners. They will also have ample opportunities to learn from experts in plant-based political advocacy. The fellow will be expected to conduct policy research, draft advocacy and educational materials, and support campaign planning and execution.In addition to traditional policy advocacy, the fellow will play a key role in supporting the Plant Powered School Meals Coalition, a national network dedicated to expanding access to nutritious and delicious plant-based school meals in K-12 schools. The fellow will help coordinate coalition activities, support partner engagement, and contribute to joint policy campaigns and communications efforts, providing concrete leadership experience and a strong, resume-ready accomplishment.By the end of the fellowship, participants will have a solid, practical understanding of how to advocate for policy change at the state and federal levels while building broad networks that strengthen their long-term impact.Responsibilities:Responsibilities for each Fellowship varies, but typically Fellows:Perform research, writing and editingAssist with political and public policy advocacyTake part in outreach and communications effortsHelp organize people and eventsParticipate in strategy, planning, and campaign meetingsQualifications:No specific academic or professional experience is required, but we are looking for people who are passionate about the environment and/or social justice. An environmental background, and previous (volunteer or paid) experience in non-profit organizations, advocacy, political campaigns are pluses.Qualified applicants must be:At least 18 years of ageEligible to work in the U.S.Committed to environmental and social justiceAble to work 37.5 hours per week, 9-5 in their respective time zoneAble to work well in team settingMotivated, and willing to learn and take initiativeAble to use Microsoft Office suite products such as Excel and Word, and Google applicationsFriends of the Earth is an equal opportunity employer. We encourage applications from women, people of color and other members of underrepresented groups who will contribute to the diversity of our staff. In compliance with federal law, all people hired will be required to verify identity and complete eligibility verification upon hire.

Friends of the Earth US is a hard-hitting, progressive, environmental organization that pulls no punches and speaks sometimes uncomfortable truth to power. It’s an approach that has worked for five decades to produce important victories that help protect our planet and its people. We’re part of Friends of the Earth International, the world’s largest federation of grassroots environmental groups, working in more than 70 countries on today’s most urgent environmental and social issues.FOE envisions a world where we live within the ability of the planet to sustain life, and in which all people live with dignity, health and equity. We believe that both environmental crises, as well as widespread social injustice, are intertwined symptoms of flawed ideological, economic and political systems that are violating peoples’ rights, perpetuating oppression, failing to meet the needs of people, and destroying the planet.Meanwhile, Friends of the Earth Action provides the extra political muscle to our sister organization, Friends of the Earth US.FOE Action works on a dynamic set of intersectional issues knowing that we cannot build a healthy and just world without addressing the interconnectedness of society’s injustices. We not only fight for laws and lawmakers that will echo that mission but also help the public join in the political battle as well. We believe that unprecedented political action from across the nation will put the United States, and hopefully our planet, on a sustainable path. We believe that increasing racial diversity within environmental organizations is critical to the future success of our movement. Our Fellowship program is designed to increase the long-term effectiveness of FOE and the environmental movement by operating an inspiring and fulfilling fellowship program that builds skills and relevant job experience for people of color and members of underrepresented communities.Our vision of the Arlie Schardt Memorial (ASM) Fellowship program is to create career experience, pathways, and opportunities for Black, Indigenous, People of Color in underrepresented communities who are interested in environmental advocacy. Arlie W. Schardt was a pioneering voice for the environment and witness to some of the most seminal events in American history as a Time magazine correspondent traveling with Martin Luther King while covering the civil rights movement. Throughout his peripatetic 50-year career, Schardt reported on and acted on behalf of social justice. Al Gore states, “Through his remarkably diverse career, Arlie Schardt lived a life of purpose and impact,” said the former Vice President. “He was a champion for civil rights and an early pioneer of the environmental movement. I valued greatly his commitment to public service and will always be grateful for the invaluable roles he played on my Presidential campaign.” Schardt joined Friends of the Earth (FOE), serving as Chairman of the Board from 2009 until June 2019 when he was named chair emeritus in honor of his service. According to Erich Pica, president of FOE, “Arlie was instrumental in tripling the size of the organization and broadening its mandate to combine his concerns for social and racial justice with environmentalism.”For our program, we are prioritizing communities that are underrepresented in the mainstream environmental movement. Women, people of color, and youth are highly encouraged to apply. If you do not identify as part of an underrepresented community, that is not a disqualification, and we encourage you to apply as well.About the Fellowship  Each year, we welcome a cohort of five Fellows to work with us full-time (37.5 hours p/wk) for six (6) months. The fellowship begins in March 2026 and ends in September 2026.This year the Fellowship Program will be in a remote position with an in-person component. Fellows are paid $25/hour, will receive a one-time stipend of $1,000 and three (3) floating holidays. The application deadline is 5:00 pm EST, Friday, December 26. If there is a large influx of applicants, the position may close earlier than the specified date. Fellows are placed within teams in our Programs Department. In addition to substantive work with the teams, the Fellowship program also includes networking and career development opportunities.About our International Forests and Land Team Fellowship Position The International Forests Program sits within FoE’s Economic Policy team and carries out campaigns to address the economic drivers of tropical deforestation and land conversion. The program works with organizations and communities on the frontlines of tropical deforestation and associated abuses of human rights, and with worldwide coalitions of NGOs and social movement groups, to carry out campaigns to defend the rights and territories of forest-dwelling communities. The primary driver of tropical deforestation is the expansion of agribusiness for producing palm oil, soy, cattle and other ‘soft commodities;’ the program, therefore, has a focus on transforming food systems and shifting the financial incentives behind agribusiness expansion. The International Forests and Land team fellow will have opportunities to conduct research into corporate consolidation, contribute to communications materials, participate in strategic campaign planning processes, support the logistics of organizing an international coalition strategy convening, and network with other environmental and human rights advocates. The fellow will work under the guidance of core team members to conduct research, draft advocacy materials, and may be asked to provide additional support to the Programs, Communications and Development Departments, as needed.The fellowship will include periodic opportunities for direct mentorship. The fellowship is expected to result in increased understanding of the approaches taken in international advocacy campaigns, including the types of research required, the ethics and best practices for supporting frontline struggles for environmental justice, and the challenging questions of how to design strategic interventions in a dynamic context. The fellow may be asked to lead or co-lead a research project. Responsibilities:Responsibilities for each Fellowship varies, but typically Fellows:Perform research, writing and editingAssist with political and public policy advocacyTake part in outreach and communications effortsHelp organize people and eventsParticipate in strategy, planning, and campaign meetingsQualifications:No specific academic or professional experience is required, but we are looking for people who are passionate about the environment and/or social justice. An environmental background, and previous (volunteer or paid) experience in non-profit organizations, advocacy, political campaigns are pluses.Qualified applicants must be:At least 18 years of ageEligible to work in the U.S.Committed to environmental and social justiceAble to work 37.5 hours per week, 9-5 in their respective time zoneAble to work well in team settingMotivated, and willing to learn and take initiativeAble to use Microsoft Office suite products such as Excel and Word, and Google applicationsFriends of the Earth is an equal opportunity employer. We encourage applications from women, people of color and other members of underrepresented groups who will contribute to the diversity of our staff. In compliance with federal law, all people hired will be required to verify identity and complete eligibility verification upon hire.

Friends of the Earth US is a hard-hitting, progressive, environmental organization that pulls no punches and speaks sometimes uncomfortable truth to power. It’s an approach that has worked for five decades to produce important victories that help protect our planet and its people. We’re part of Friends of the Earth International, the world’s largest federation of grassroots environmental groups, working in more than 70 countries on today’s most urgent environmental and social issues. FOE envisions a world where we live within the ability of the planet to sustain life, and in which all people live with dignity, health and equity. We believe that both environmental crises, as well as widespread social injustice, are intertwined symptoms of flawed ideological, economic and political systems that are violating peoples’ rights, perpetuating oppression, failing to meet the needs of people, and destroying the planet.  Meanwhile, Friends of the Earth Action provides the extra political muscle to our sister organization, Friends of the Earth US.  FOE Action works on a dynamic set of intersectional issues knowing that we cannot build a healthy and just world without addressing the interconnectedness of society’s injustices. We not only fight for laws and lawmakers that will echo that mission but also help the public join in the political battle as well. We believe that unprecedented political action from across the nation will put the United States, and hopefully our planet, on a sustainable path.  We believe that increasing racial diversity within environmental organizations is critical to the future success of our movement. Our Fellowship program is designed to increase the long-term effectiveness of FOE and the environmental movement by operating an inspiring and fulfilling fellowship program that builds skills and relevant job experience for people of color and members of underrepresented communities. Our vision of the Arlie Schardt Memorial (ASM) Fellowship program is to create career experience, pathways, and opportunities for Black, Indigenous, People of Color in underrepresented communities who are interested in environmental advocacy. Arlie W. Schardt was a pioneering voice for the environment and witness to some of the most seminal events in American history as a Time magazine correspondent traveling with Martin Luther King while covering the civil rights movement. Throughout his peripatetic 50-year career, Schardt reported on and acted on behalf of social justice. Al Gore states, “Through his remarkably diverse career, Arlie Schardt lived a life of purpose and impact,” said the former Vice President. “He was a champion for civil rights and an early pioneer of the environmental movement. I valued greatly his commitment to public service and will always be grateful for the invaluable roles he played on my Presidential campaign.” Schardt joined Friends of the Earth (FOE), serving as Chairman of the Board from 2009 until June 2019 when he was named chair emeritus in honor of his service. According to Erich Pica, president of FOE, “Arlie was instrumental in tripling the size of the organization and broadening its mandate to combine his concerns for social and racial justice with environmentalism.” For our program, we are prioritizing communities that are underrepresented in the mainstream environmental movement. Women, people of color, and youth are highly encouraged to apply. If you do not identify as part of an underrepresented community, that is not a disqualification, and we encourage you to apply as well. About the Fellowship Each year, we welcome a cohort of five Fellows to work with us full-time (37.5 hours p/wk) for six (6) months. This year the Fellowship Program will be in a remote position with an in-person component. Fellows are paid $25/hour, will receive a one-time stipend of $1,000 and three (3) floating holidays. The application deadline is 5:00 pm EST, Friday, December 26. If there is a large influx of applications, the position may close earlier than the specified date. Fellows are placed within teams in our Programs Department. In addition to substantive work with the teams, the Fellowship program also includes networking and career development opportunities. About our Climate-Friendly School Food Position Position Summary:  Friends of the Earth is seeking a fellow for its California Climate-Friendly School Food program within the Food & Agriculture team. The fellow will support state and national efforts to advance healthy, plant-based, organic, climate-friendly menus that are dietarily and culturally appropriate for all students. Core responsibilities include coordinating meetings with school districts and partner organizations, conducting research, leading data collection and analysis on plant-based menus and greenhouse gas emissions, and supporting communications through the creation of PowerPoints, newsletters, and outreach materials. The fellow will also help maintain organized digital systems, shared file structures, and databases for plant-based recipes, farmers, and vendors. The fellowship offers meaningful exposure to strategy and decision-making through participation in Food & Agriculture Team meetings, Climate-Friendly School Food Team meetings, and strategic planning sessions. The fellow will also have ownership of independent or semi-independent projects, such as newsletter development, farmer and vendor list creation, plant-based menu analysis, webinar and resource development, and outreach to state agencies to expand organic options in the DoD Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program. These projects provide opportunities to apply strategic thinking, contribute original ideas, and shape key program resources. The Climate-Friendly School Food Fellow will receive intentional mentorship, regular check-ins, skill-building guidance, and professional development tailored to their interests. They will gain hands-on experience in data analysis, research, communications, and digital systems management, while deepening their understanding of school food policy, sustainable agriculture, food justice, and the intersection of food and climate. The fellowship is designed to ensure a meaningful, structured growth experience while helping the program stay organized and effective in its work to support schools in shifting toward healthier, more sustainable menus. By the end of the fellowship, the fellow will have developed competencies in research methods, digital newsletter creation, policy support, presentation design, and cross-team collaboration. They will also strengthen leadership skills, strategic thinking, and confidence in managing independent projects. Overall, this role provides a rich opportunity to contribute to Friends of the Earth’s mission while building valuable skills for a career in food systems, public health, environmental justice, or sustainability.  Responsibilities:Responsibilities for each Fellowship varies, but typically Fellows: Perform research, writing and editingAssist with political and public policy advocacy  Take part in outreach and communications efforts Help organize people and eventsParticipate in strategy, planning, and campaign meetingsQualifications:No specific academic or professional experience is required, but we are looking for people who are passionate about the environment and/or social justice. An environmental background, and previous (volunteer or paid) experience in non-profit organizations, advocacy, political campaigns are pluses. Qualified applicants must be: At least 18 years of ageEligible to work in the U.S.Committed to environmental and social justiceAble to work 5 hours per week, 9-5 in their respective time zone Able to work well in team settingMotivated, and willing to learn and take initiativeAble to use Microsoft Office suite products such as Excel and Word, and Google applications Friends of the Earth is an equal opportunity employer. We encourage applications from women, people of color and other members of underrepresented groups who will contribute to the diversity of our staff. In compliance with federal law, all people hired will be required to verify identity and complete eligibility verification upon hire. 

Friends of the Earth US is a hard-hitting, progressive, environmental organization that pulls no punches and speaks sometimes uncomfortable truth to power. It’s an approach that has worked for five decades to produce important victories that help protect our planet and its people. We’re part of Friends of the Earth International, the world’s largest federation of grassroots environmental groups, working in more than 70 countries on today’s most urgent environmental and social issues.FOE envisions a world where we live within the ability of the planet to sustain life, and in which all people live with dignity, health and equity. We believe that both environmental crises, as well as widespread social injustice, are intertwined symptoms of flawed ideological, economic and political systems that are violating peoples’ rights, perpetuating oppression, failing to meet the needs of people, and destroying the planet.Meanwhile, Friends of the Earth Action provides the extra political muscle to our sister organization, Friends of the Earth US.FOE Action works on a dynamic set of intersectional issues knowing that we cannot build a healthy and just world without addressing the interconnectedness of society’s injustices. We not only fight for laws and lawmakers that will echo that mission but also help the public join in the political battle as well. We believe that unprecedented political action from across the nation will put the United States, and hopefully our planet, on a sustainable path. We believe that increasing racial diversity within environmental organizations is critical to the future success of our movement. Our Fellowship program is designed to increase the long-term effectiveness of FOE and the environmental movement by operating an inspiring and fulfilling fellowship program that builds skills and relevant job experience for people of color and members of underrepresented communities.Our vision of the Arlie Schardt Memorial (ASM) Fellowship program is to create career experience, pathways, and opportunities for Black, Indigenous, People of Color in underrepresented communities who are interested in environmental advocacy. Arlie W. Schardt was a pioneering voice for the environment and witness to some of the most seminal events in American history as a Time magazine correspondent traveling with Martin Luther King while covering the civil rights movement. Throughout his peripatetic 50-year career, Schardt reported on and acted on behalf of social justice. Al Gore states, “Through his remarkably diverse career, Arlie Schardt lived a life of purpose and impact,” said the former Vice President. “He was a champion for civil rights and an early pioneer of the environmental movement. I valued greatly his commitment to public service and will always be grateful for the invaluable roles he played on my Presidential campaign.” Schardt joined Friends of the Earth (FOE), serving as Chairman of the Board from 2009 until June 2019 when he was named chair emeritus in honor of his service. According to Erich Pica, president of FOE, “Arlie was instrumental in tripling the size of the organization and broadening its mandate to combine his concerns for social and racial justice with environmentalism.”For our program, we are prioritizing communities that are underrepresented in the mainstream environmental movement. Women, people of color, and youth are highly encouraged to apply. If you do not identify as part of an underrepresented community, that is not a disqualification, and we encourage you to apply as well.About the FellowshipEach year, we welcome a cohort of five Fellows to work with us full-time (37.5 hours p/wk) for six (6) months. This year the Fellowship Program will be in a remote position with an in-person component. Fellows are paid $25/hour, will receive a one-time stipend of $1,000 and three (3) floating holidays. The application deadline is 5:00 pm EST, Friday, December 26. If there is a large influx of applicants, the position may close earlier than the specified date.Fellows are placed within teams in our Programs Department. In addition to substantive work with the teams, the Fellowship program also includes networking and career development opportunities.About our Climate, Energy and Oceans Team (Oceans Pod) Fellowship PositionFor two decades, our Climate, Energy and Oceans program (Oceans Pod) has provided crucial leadership in protecting our oceans and the life surrounding them- both human and more-than-human- from a range of threats, including oil spills, plastic pollution, and climate-disrupting emissions from shipping. Today, the crisis is accelerating as sea ice melt and sea level rise threaten coastal and Indigenous communities from the Arctic to Pacific large ocean states, commercial vessels are generating an ever-increasing volume of harmful emissions and air and water pollution, exacerbating ecosystem damage.This position will focus on Oceans Justice, supporting our work through research and analysis on community-identified needs related to the intersections of commercial shipping, oceans justice, and broader ocean policy concerns, as well as building solidarity with some of the most climate-vulnerable regions disproportionately impacted by rapidly melting sea ice and sea-level rise. The fellow will contribute research and writing on these intersecting issues and collaborate on communications materials that draw from their own passions and disciplines, whether art, storytelling, movement, marine sciences, law, policy, Black or Indigenous studies, MVPFAFF+/LGBTQIA2S+ studies, queer ecologies, or other fields that honor lived experience and our full humanity.This role will also support coordination and coalition-building efforts, including helping to develop and deliver webinars aimed at empowering NGOs and civil society organizations to more actively participate in International Maritime Organization (IMO) processes, and engaging with IMO-related advocacy to uplift the voices and leadership of directly impacted communities. Throughout the fellowship, the fellow will contribute to fostering an atmosphere inclusive of intersectionality and lived experience, while gaining deepened experience in community engagement, environmental justice communications, and international policy work. The fellow will also have access to a range of professional development opportunities designed to support growth in oceans justice and movement-aligned advocacy.Responsibilities:Responsibilities for each Fellowship varies, but typically Fellows:Perform research, writing and editingAssist with political and public policy advocacyTake part in outreach and communications effortsHelp organize people and eventsParticipate in strategy, planning, and campaign meetingsQualifications:No specific academic or professional experience is required, but we are looking for people who are passionate about the environment and/or social justice. An environmental background, and previous (volunteer or paid) experience in non-profit organizations, advocacy, political campaigns are pluses.Qualified applicants must be:At least 18 years of ageEligible to work in the U.S.Committed to environmental and social justiceAble to work 37.5 hours per week, 9-5 in their respective time zoneAble to work well in team settingMotivated, and willing to learn and take initiativeAble to use Microsoft Office suite products such as Excel and Word, and Google applicationsFriends of the Earth is an equal opportunity employer. We encourage applications from women, people of color and other members of underrepresented groups who will contribute to the diversity of our staff. In compliance with federal law, all people hired will be required to verify identity and complete eligibility verification upon hire.

Shift:Tuesday through Saturday, 10:00 AM - 7:00 PM Are you ready to work making the world a safer, healthier place? Join our mission to continuously move science forward; to innovate and advance all aspects of our business to improve the health and safety of our communities and lives. Scientist 1Make an impact. Build a career.At Pace®, everything we do is built upon an unwavering commitment to making the world a safer, healthier place. We continually work to develop innovative practices that drive sustainability and empower our partners with accurate, quality data at every critical moment and milestone.That's why we need you -- your curiosity, your talents, and your drive -- to help us advance this important work, and your career. Compensation: $18.00 per hour Find your place at Pace®Join us as a Scientist I, where you'll put your love of science to work performing and overseeing projects within the wet chemistry department of our environmental testing laboratory. What you'll doFacilitate and support the analysis, administration and oversight of air, water and soil samples using standard chemistry/ biochemistry policies, programs, and practicesClean, maintain and calibrate instrumentsMaintain detailed and organized documentation on all laboratory work What you'll bringBachelor's degree in Chemistry/ Biochemistry or a closely related field, or an equivalent combination of education, training and experienceAbility to perform work in a lab or office setting, remain standing for long periods while conducting tests, work around strong smells, and wear personal protective equipment while handling samples (e.g., lab coat, safety glasses and gloves; all PPE provided by Pace®). What we promiseComprehensive benefit program, including medical, vision and dental insurance, 401(k) matching and tuition reimbursementOpportunities to build a rewarding careerAn inclusive culture that stands for integrity, innovation and growth Find Your Place at Pace - We need you - your curiosity, your talents, and your drive - to help us advance this important work. BenefitsWhen you join Pace®, you commit to work that makes a positive impact on our communities and our world. We commit to supporting you with benefits and perks that make a positive impact on your life. Full-time roles are eligible for our comprehensive benefits program which includes competitive salaries, medical, dental vision, 401K retirement savings plan (100% vested immediately in the employer match), life, disability and voluntary benefits, paid time off for holiday, sick and vacation days, HSA, wellness program, flexible spending accounts, tuition reimbursement, Employee Assistance program, parental leave, optional legal coverage and ID theft. Equal Opportunity EmployerPace® provides equal employment opportunities to all employees and applicants for employment and prohibits discrimination and harassment of any type without regard to race, creed, color, religion, genetics, protected veteran status, national origin, sex, age, disability, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, citizenship, or any other characteristic protected by federal, state or local laws. This policy applies to all terms and conditions of employment, including recruiting, hiring, placement, promotion, termination, layoff, recall, transfer, leaves of absence, compensation and training.